Name: 
 

9 Study Guide



Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 

A feeling of intense loyalty to one's country or group is called
a.
nationalism.
c.
militarism.
b.
alliance.
d.
entente.
 

 2. 

In the early 1900s, as European nations competed for colonies, they created an atmosphere of
a.
isolationism.
c.
nationalism.
b.
entente.
d.
militarism.
 

 3. 

An understanding between nations is called
a.
an entente.
c.
an alliance.
b.
isolationism.
d.
nationalism.
 

 4. 

What was the most dramatic new weapon of World War I?
a.
trench
c.
airplane
b.
U-boat
d.
automobile
 

 5. 

What German weapon changed the course of the war?
a.
trench
c.
airplane
b.
U-boat
d.
automobile
 

 6. 

Not one American soldier bound for Europe was lost to submarine attacks because of
a.
alliances.
c.
convoys.
b.
airplanes.
d.
entente.
 

 7. 

After declaring war on Germany, Americans immediately began
a.
sabotaging the Germans.
c.
antiwar propaganda.
b.
dissenting.
d.
mobilization.
 

 8. 

People who believe industries should be publicly owned are called
a.
Republicans.
c.
dissenters.
b.
socialists.
d.
pacifists.
 

 9. 

People opposed to the use of violence are called
a.
Republicans.
c.
dissenters.
b.
socialists.
d.
pacifists.
 

 10. 

Of the Fourteen Points outlined by Woodrow Wilson, the final point created
a.
the call for free trade.
c.
the League of Nations.
b.
freedom of the seas.
d.
national self-determination.
 

 11. 

People who share a common language and traditions are part of the same
a.
nation.
c.
ethnic group.
b.
alliance.
d.
entente.
 

 12. 

Defense agreements among nations are called
a.
nationalism.
c.
alliance systems.
b.
ententes.
d.
ethnic groups.
 

 13. 

Germany's invasion of which country caused Britain to enter the war?
a.
France
c.
Austria
b.
Belgium
d.
Italy
 

 14. 

Which country joined the Allies after being promised territory in Austria after the war?
a.
the United States
c.
Italy
b.
Ottoman Empire
d.
the Netherlands
 

 15. 

Which country joined the Allies because it was a rival of Germany?
a.
China
c.
the United States
b.
Mexico
d.
Japan
 

 16. 

Russia lost substantial territory to the Germans with the
a.
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.
c.
Treaty of Paris.
b.
Treaty of the Marne.
d.
Treaty of Versailles.
 

 17. 

To ensure production of vital war materials and resolve labor disputes, the government created the
a.
National Labor Union.
c.
United States War Act.
b.
American Alliance.
d.
National War Labor Board.
 

 18. 

People who believe industries should be publicly owned are called
a.
pacifists.
c.
libertarians.
b.
socialists.
d.
democrats.
 

 19. 

The Treaty of Versailles split up the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the
a.
British Empire.
c.
American Empire.
b.
Russian Empire.
d.
Italian Empire.
 

 20. 

Which country fought in the war but did not sign the Treaty of Versailles?
a.
the United States
c.
Britain
b.
France
d.
Germany
 
 
“You can no more win a war than you can win an earthquake.”
–Jeannette Rankin
 

 21. 

mc021-1.jpg This statement by the first woman to serve in the U.S. Congress reflected most Americans’ feeling in 1914 about involvement in _____.
a.
the Spanish-American War
c.
war with Mexico
b.
World War I
d.
Panama
 
 
“There is nothing reasonable in such a war, and it would be [foolish] for the country to sacrifice itself to the . . . policies and the clash of ancient hatreds which is urging the Old World to destruction.”
                                             –New York Sun editorial, August 1914

“My beloved mother and sister . . . have been foully murdered on the high seas. . . . I call upon my government to preserve its citizens’ self-respect and save others of my countrymen from such deep grief as I now feel. I am of military age, able to fight. If my country can use me against these brutal assassins, I am at its call.”
–an American businessman, in a cable sent to President Wilson after the sinking of the Laconia, 1917
 

 22. 

mc022-1.jpg Compare the two statements and decide which writer expressed the view of most Americans about World War I.
a.
the American businessman
c.
both men
b.
the New York Sun editor
d.
neither man
 
 
NOTICE!
Travellers intending to embark on the Atlantic voyage are reminded that a state of war exists between Germany and her allies and Great Britain and her allies: that the zone of war includes the waters adjacent to the British Isles: . . .
–April 22, 1915
 

 23. 

mc023-1.jpg The excerpt is from a notice placed in American newspapers by the German government. It appeared only days before more than 1,000 people died with the torpedo attack of
a.
the Sussex.
c.
the Cymric.
b.
the Lusitania.
d.
the Arabic.
 
 
“I saw the torpedo speeding toward us. Immediately I tried to change our course, but was unable to maneuver out of its way. There was a terrible impact as the torpedo struck the starboard side of the vessel. . . . It was cold-blooded murder.”
–Captain W.T. Turner, recalling May 7, 1915
 

 24. 

mc024-1.jpg This passage describes the sinking of the British passenger liner Lusitania off the coast of _____.
a.
Scotland
c.
Cuba
b.
Newfoundland
d.
Ireland
 
 
“. . . On the first of February we intend to begin submarine warfare unrestricted. In spite of this, it is our intention to endeavor to keep neutral the United States of America.
“If this attempt is not successful, we propose an alliance . . . with Mexico: . . . we shall make war together and together make peace. . . . Mexico is to reconquer the lost territory in New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona . . .
“You are instructed to inform the President of Mexico of the above in the greatest confidence . . .”
–January 1917
 

 25. 

mc025-1.jpg This offer to Mexico is a quotation from
a.
the Monroe Doctrine.
c.
the Zimmerman telegram.
b.
the Sussex Pledge.
d.
the Selective Service Act.
 
 
“I didn’t raise my boy to be a soldier,
I brought him up to be my pride and joy.
Who dares place a musket on his shoulder,
To shoot some other mother’s darling boy?”
 

 26. 

mc026-1.jpg This excerpt from a popular song of 1915 expresses American
a.
prowar enthusiasm.
c.
antiwar feeling.
b.
dislike of Germany.
d.
patriotism.
 
 
“He Kept Us Out of War”
 

 27. 

mc027-1.jpg This phrase was the slogan of the _____ presidential candidate in 1916.
a.
Democratic
c.
Progressive
b.
Republican
d.
Socialist
 
 
“. . . The world must be made safe for democracy. Its peace must be planted upon the tested foundations of political liberty. We have no selfish ends to serve. We desire no conquest, no dominion. We seek no indemnities for ourselves, no material compensation for the sacrifices we shall freely make. We are but one of the champions of the rights of mankind. We shall be satisfied when those rights have been made as secure as the faith and the freedom of nations can make them. . . .”
 

 28. 

mc028-1.jpg In this excerpt, President Woodrow Wilson asked
a.
the American people to remain neutral.
b.
Congress to declare war on Germany.
c.
the British to join the American fight.
d.
Business owners to boycott Germany .
 

 29. 

mc029-1.jpg This speech was made on April 2, 1917. On May 18, Congress set up a military draft by passing
a.
the Sussex Act.
b.
the Army Enlistment Act.
c.
the Selective Service Act.
d.
Powers of War Act.
 
 
“Over There”

Johnnie get your gun, get your gun, get your gun,
Take it on the run, on the run, on the run;
Hear them calling you and me;
Every son of liberty.
Hurry right away, no delay, go today,
Make your daddy glad, to have had such a lad,
Tell your sweetheart not to pine,
To be proud her boy's in line.

Chorus:
Over there, over there,
Send the word, send the word over there,
That the Yanks are coming, the Yanks are coming,
The drums rum-tumming everywhere.
So prepare, say a prayer,
Send the word, send the word to beware,
We'll be over, we're coming over,
And we won't come back till it's over over there.
 

 30. 

mc030-1.jpg George M. Cohan’s song was used _____ in World Wars I and II.
a.
to create enthusiasm for the war
c.
for soldiers to march to
b.
to raise money for the war
d.
all of the above
 
 
“Serve Just Enough”
“Use All Leftovers”
 

 31. 

mc031-1.jpg These slogans, part of a campaign by the _____, encouraged Americans to conserve food during World War I.
a.
Board of War Production
c.
War Industries Board
b.
Food Administration
d.
National War Labor Board
 
 
“If the American shipper grumbles, our reply is that this war is not being conducted for his pleasure or profit.”
 

 32. 

mc032-1.jpg This quote from a London newspaper is a British response to the protest that American ships should be able to pass without interference into
a.
British ports.
c.
French ports.
b.
German ports.
d.
South American ports.
 
 
“. . . Before me gapes the shell-hole. I grasp it with my eyes as with fists. With one leap I must be in it. There, I get a smack in the face, a hand clamps on to my shoulder—has the dead man waked up?—The hand shakes me, I turn my head, in the second of light I stare into the face of Katczinsky, he has his mouth wide open and is yelling. I hear nothing, he rattles me, comes nearer, in a momentary lull his voice reaches me: ‘Gas—Gaas—Gaaas—Pass it on.’
“I grab for my gas-mask. Some distance from me there lies someone. I think of nothing but this: That fellow there must know: Gaaas—Gaaas——”
–Erich Maria Remarque, All Quiet on the Western Front
 

 33. 

mc033-1.jpg This excerpt from a famous novel describes the arrival of which new feature introduced into warfare in 1915 by the German army?
a.
tanks
c.
balloons
b.
poison gas
d.
artillery
 
 
“We entered this war because violations of right had occurred which touched us to the quick and made the life of our own people impossible unless they were corrected and the world secured once for all against their recurrence. What we demand in this war, therefore, is nothing peculiar to ourselves. It is that the world be made fit and safe to live in; and particularly that it be made safe for every peace-loving nation which, like our own, wishes to live its own life, determine its own institutions, be assured of justice and fair dealing by the other peoples of the world as against force and selfish aggression. All the peoples of the world are in effect partners in this interest . . .”
–“Fourteen Points” address to Congress, 1918
 

 34. 

mc034-1.jpg This passage, from a speech to Congress by President Woodrow Wilson, indicates that United States diplomacy has changed to
a.
an interest in the welfare of all peoples throughout the world.
b.
a desire to remain isolated from other counties.
c.
an awareness of problems in South America.
d.
a willingness to economically assist only European nations.
 
 
“The programme of the world's peace, therefore, is our programme; and that programme, the only possible programme, as we see it, is this:
“I. Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at, after which there shall be no private international understandings of any kind. . . .
“II. Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas. . . .
“III. The removal . . . of all economic barriers and the establishment of an equality of trade conditions among all the nations consenting to the peace. . . .
“IV. Adequate guarantees . . . that national armaments will be reduced. . . .
“V. A free, open-minded, and absolutely impartial adjustment of all colonial claims. . . .
“VI. The evacuation of all Russian territory and such a settlement of all questions affecting Russia as will secure . . . for her . . . the independent determination of her own political development and national policy. . . .
“VII. Belgium . . . must be evacuated and restored. . . .”
–President Woodrow Wilson, 1918
 

 35. 

mc035-1.jpg This quotation is an excerpt from Wilson’s _____ speech to Congress in 1918
a.
League of Nations
c.
Fourteen Points
b.
Armistice
d.
Versailles
 
 
“American troops and American ships may be ordered to any part of the world by nations other than the United States, and that is a proposition to which I, for one, can never assent.”
–Senator Henry Cabot Lodge
 

 36. 

mc036-1.jpg This quotation indicates the strong opposition of Lodge to _____ and ratification of the _____.
a.
the Palmer Act, United Nations
b.
NATO, Treaty of Paris
c.
self-determination, London Agreement
d.
the League of Nations, Treaty of Versailles
 
 
“Dare we reject it and break the heart of the world?”
–President Woodrow Wilson
 

 37. 

mc037-1.jpg Wilson asked Congress this question when he presented _____ to them in July 1919.
a.
the Treaty of Paris
c.
the Treaty of Versailles
b.
the League of Nations Declaration
d.
the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
 
 
nar017-1.jpg
 

 38. 

mc038-1.jpg Where was Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated in June 1914?
a.
Montenegro
c.
Belgium
b.
Serbia
d.
Sarajevo
 

 39. 

mc039-1.jpg Based on the map, which of the following nations was not neutral at the start of World War I?
a.
Sweden
c.
Spain
b.
Bulgaria
d.
Denmark
 

 40. 

mc040-1.jpg Which group of nations below all belonged to the Allied Powers?
a.
Great Britain, Russia, Ottoman Empire
b.
Great Britain, Norway, Sweden
c.
Great Britain, Italy, Russia
d.
Portugal, Switzerland, Italy
 
 
nar018-1.jpg
 

 41. 

mc041-1.jpg Based on the map of Europe during World War I, in which country were most of the major Western Front battles fought?
a.
Austria-Hungary
c.
Italy
b.
Germany
d.
France
 

 42. 

mc042-1.jpg Which of the following World War I battles was not fought on the Western Front?
a.
Gallipoli
c.
Somme
b.
1st Marne
d.
Verdun
 

 43. 

mc043-1.jpg Which battle was fought from July through November 1916?
a.
2nd Marne
c.
Tannenberg
b.
Somme
d.
Verdun
 

 44. 

mc044-1.jpg
mc044-2.jpg Based on the circle graphs, which of the following statements is correct?
a.
The Central Powers had fewer forces and suffered greater casualties.
b.
The Central Powers had greater forces and suffered greater casualties.
c.
The Allies had fewer forces and suffered greater casualties.
d.
The Allies had greater forces and suffered greater casualties.
 
 
nar019-1.jpg
 

 45. 

mc045-1.jpg Many new nations were formed as a result of World War I. Based on the map, how many of them bordered Russia?
a.
four
c.
six
b.
five
d.
seven
 

 46. 

mc046-1.jpg Of the new nations formed after World War I, which one bordered both Romania and Bulgaria?
a.
Hungary
c.
Czechoslovakia
b.
Yugoslavia
d.
none of the above
 
 
nar020-1.jpg
 

 47. 

mc047-1.jpg Based on the map, in which year did the Germany Army push the line of battle farthest into France?
a.
1918
c.
1914
b.
1917
d.
1915
 

 48. 

mc048-1.jpg Based on the map, in which year did the German Army overrun Paris?
a.
1914
c.
1918
b.
1916
d.
none of the above
 

 49. 

mc049-1.jpg Based on the map of the Western Front, how far was the battle of Ypres from the battle of the Somme?
a.
about 15 miles
c.
about 50 miles
b.
about 25 miles
d.
about 75 miles
 

 50. 

mc050-1.jpg
mc050-2.jpg Based on the map, what was the size of the African American population of Chicago in 1920?
a.
4,500
c.
45,000
b.
10,000
d.
100,000
 

 51. 

mc051-1.jpg
mc051-2.jpg Based on the line graph, in what year did U.S. exports to Germany start to increase?
a.
1918
c.
1920
b.
1919
d.
none of the above
 

Completion
Complete each statement.
 

 52. 

The intense loyalty to country that caused much of the tension in Europe was called ____________________.
 

 

 53. 

The building up of military strength is called ____________________.
 

 

 54. 

____________________ and Germany raced to build the largest navy.
 

 

 55. 

The ____________________ system was intended to protect countries, but actually led to World War I.
 

 

 56. 

After Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated, Austria-Hungary declared war on ____________________.
 

 

 57. 

____________________ decided to help its ally, Serbia.
 

 

 58. 

Great Britain declared war on Germany after Germany invaded ____________________.
 

 

 59. 

When World War I first began, the Allied Powers included Great Britain, France, and ____________________.
 

 

 60. 

The Central Powers included Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the ____________________ Empire.
 

 

 61. 

____________________ refused to honor its alliance with Germany and Austria-Hungary.
 

 

 62. 

Jeannette Rankin was the first woman to serve in ____________________.
 

 

 63. 

The entry of ____________________ into World War I eventually led to Germany's surrender.
 

 

Matching
 
 
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a.
Committee on Public Information
d.
Treaty of Versailles
b.
Selective Service Act
e.
Triple Entente
c.
Triple Alliance
 

 64. 

Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Italy
 

 65. 

Britain, France, and Russia
 

 66. 

established draft
 

 67. 

produced American propaganda
 

 68. 

signed by Allies and Germany
 
 
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a.
Henry Cabot Lodge
d.
Fourteen Points
b.
armistice
e.
Vladimir Lenin
c.
The Espionage Act
 

 69. 

Bolshevik
 

 70. 

agreement to end fighting
 

 71. 

provided penalties for spying
 

 72. 

opposed the Treaty of Versailles
 

 73. 

Woodrow Wilson's peace plan
 
 
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a.
Herbert Hoover
d.
John J. Pershing
b.
autocracy
e.
propaganda
c.
nationalism
 

 74. 

loyalty to one’s country
 

 75. 

one ruler
 

 76. 

meant to influence opinions
 

 77. 

supreme commander of the AEF
 

 78. 

Head of the Food Administration
 

Short Answer
 
 
“We shall endeavor . . . to keep the United States of America neutral. In the event this not succeeding, we make Mexico a proposal of alliance on the following basis: make war together, make peace together, generous financial support and an understanding on our part that Mexico is to reconquer the lost territory in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona.”
      –Arthur Zimmermann, 1917
 

 79. 

sa079-1.jpgWhat position did Arthur Zimmermann hold in the German government?
 

 80. 

sa080-1.jpgWhat does he say are Germany’s hopes with respect to the United States entering the war?
 

 81. 

sa081-1.jpgIn the event the United States does enter the war, what is Zimmermann’s proposal to Mexico?
 

 82. 

sa082-1.jpgWhat benefits are promised if Mexico agrees?
 

 83. 

sa083-1.jpgWhat is suggested by the phrase “an understanding on our part”?
 

 84. 

sa084-1.jpgWhen the telegram was intercepted by British agents and made public in the United States, what was the American response?
 
 
nar018-1.jpg
 

 85. 

sa085-1.jpgBased on the information on the map, in which year of World War I was no major battle fought?
 

 86. 

sa086-1.jpgOn the map, the line of the Western Front is broken in Switzerland, the small country between Germany, France, and Italy. Why does the Western Front not run through Switzerland?
 

Essay
 

 87. 

 How did nationalism in Europe serve as both a unifying and a disruptive force?
 

 88. 

 What European problems did President Woodrow Wilson face when working to help rebuild Europe after the war?
 

 89. 

 How did the economic boom experienced by a neutral United States affect Germany?
 

 90. 

 What were the problems with President Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points?
 

 91. 

 What factor do you think was most responsible for the outbreak of war in Europe and why?
 

 92. 

 What steps led to the increasing hostility between Germany and the United States?
 

 93. 

es093-1.jpgWhat conditions did President Wilson demand from Germany in exchange for armistice?
 



 
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