Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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In 1945, 50 nations signed the charter creating the
a. | cold war. | c. | Yalta agreement. | b. | United Nations. | d. | United Nations. |
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2.
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Which country was divided among four nations after the war?
a. | Germany | c. | France | b. | England | d. | Russia |
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3.
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In the Middle East, Jews and Arabs both claimed
a. | Israel. | c. | Palestine. | b. | India. | d. | Lebanon. |
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4.
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What provided for unemployment and health benefits for GIs?
a. | Fair Deal | c. | Marshall Plan | b. | U.S. Marine Bill of Rights | d. | Servicemen's Readjustment
Act |
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5.
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The closed shop was outlawed by the
a. | GI Bill of Rights. | c. | Truman
Doctrine. | b. | Taft-Hartley bill. | d. | Marshall Plan. |
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6.
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The winner of the 1948 presidential election was
a. | Harry S Truman. | c. | Thomas Dewey. | b. | Henry Wallace. | d. | Strom Thurmond. |
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7.
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When North Korea invaded South Korea, it gained control over which city?
a. | Pyongyang | c. | Inchon | b. | Pusan | d. | Seoul |
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8.
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Which country fought on the side of the North Koreans?
a. | Japan | c. | China | b. | Germany | d. | United States |
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9.
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The popular general fired by President Harry S Truman was
a. | Dwight D. Eisenhower. | c. | Thomas Dewey. | b. | Douglas MacArthur. | d. | Strom Thurmond. |
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10.
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What helped bring about Joseph McCarthy's downfall?
a. | airplane travel | c. | television | b. | the army | d. | radio |
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11.
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The "Big Three" Allied leaders met to discuss the postwar world at
Yalta in
a. | Great Britain. | c. | the United States. | b. | France. | d. | the Soviet
Union. |
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12.
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The Soviet Union agreed to enter the war against what country in return for some
territories?
a. | Germany | c. | United States | b. | Japan | d. | Great Britain |
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13.
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What helped rebuild the countries of Western Europe?
a. | Truman Doctrine | c. | Marshall Plan | b. | Yalta agreement | d. | George F. Kennan's
plan |
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14.
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What new Jewish state was created by dividing Palestine?
a. | India | c. | Israel | b. | Lebanon | d. | Pakistan |
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15.
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President Truman presented a plan of domestic reforms called the
a. | Fair Deal. | c. | New Deal. | b. | GI Bill. | d. | Marshall Plan. |
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16.
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Who won the presidency in 1952 in a landslide victory?
a. | Roosevelt | c. | Truman | b. | Eisenhower | d. | Nixon |
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17.
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The commander of the United Nations forces in Korea was
a. | Thomas Dewey. | c. | Strom Thurmond. | b. | Dwight D. Eisenhower. | d. | Douglas
MacArthur. |
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18.
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Before being joined by the United Nations forces, the South Koreans held only a
small port city called
a. | Pyongyang. | c. | Inchon. | b. | Pusan. | d. | Seoul. |
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19.
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The most dramatic spy case to come before HUAC involved the
a. | Rosenbergs. | c. | Hisses. | b. | McCarthys. | d. | Chamberses. |
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20.
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The 1950s hunt for Communists in the United States was led by
a. | Joseph Welch. | c. | Joseph McCarthy. | b. | Richard M. Nixon. | d. | Margaret Chase
Smith. |
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21.
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| “They want to force us to accept their plans on Europe and the world. Well,
that’s not going to happen.” | |
 In February 1945 the “Big Three” Allied
leaders met at Yalta to discuss postwar issues. Which of these leaders made this remark to his
aides? a. | Franklin D. Roosevelt | c. | Winston Churchill | b. | Joseph Stalin | d. | none of them |
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22.
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“When they told me yesterday . . . I felt like the moon, the stars, and all the
planets had fallen on me.”
–Harry S Truman, April 13, 1945 | |
 Which unexpected event had this
effect on Vice President Truman? a. | dropping the atomic bomb on Japan | c. | President Roosevelt’s
death | b. | the Soviet blockade of Berlin | d. | Churchill’s “iron curtain”
speech |
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23.
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“We understand the Russians need to be secure on her western frontiers from all renewal of
German aggression. . . . [W]e welcome constant, frequent, and growing contacts between the
Russian people and our own people on both sides of the Atlantic. It is my duty, however, to place
before you certain facts about the present position in Europe—I am sure I do not wish to, but
it is my duty, I feel, to present them to you.
“From
Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent.
Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of central and eastern Europe. Warsaw,
Berlin, Prague, Vienna, . . . all these famous cities and the populations around them lie in the
Soviet sphere . . . subject . . . to Soviet influence [and] to a very high and increasing
measure of control from Moscow.”
 In this famous 1946 “iron
curtain” speech in _____, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill warned of the danger of the
Soviet Union’s control of Eastern Europe. a. | London, England | c. | Washington, D.C. | b. | Peking, China | d. | Fulton,
Missouri |
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24.
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“. . . Greece must have assistance if it is to become
a self-supporting and self-respecting democracy.
“The United States must supply that assistance. . .
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“I believe that it must be the
policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation
[conquest] by armed minorities or by outside pressures.
“I believe that we must
assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their own way.
“I believe that our
help should be primarily through economic and financial aid which is essential to economic stability
and orderly political processes. . .. .”
–President Harry Truman, speech to
Congress, March 1947 | |
 This excerpt from a
speech describes what became known as _____. a. | the Truman Doctrine | c. | the Free Peoples Act | b. | the Athens Agreement | d. | the Roosevelt
Doctrine |
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25.
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“. . . [A] policy which only aims at
containing Russia where it now is, is, in itself, an unsound policy; but it is a policy which is
bound to fail because a purely defensive policy never wins against an aggressive policy. If our only
policy is to stay where we are, we will be driven back. It is only by keeping alive the hope of
liberation, by taking advantage of that wherever opportunity arises, that we will end this terrible
peril which dominates the world, which imposes upon us such terrible sacrifices and so-great fears
for the future. But all of this can be done and must be done in ways which will not provoke a general
war . . .
“. . . those who do not
believe that results can be accomplished by moral pressures, by the weight of propaganda, just do not
know what they are talking about. . . .”
–John Foster Dulles, hearing before the Senate
Committee
on Foreign Relations, 1953 | |
 Which statement
best describes the main idea of this passage? a. | The United States must immediately fight to free all nations taken over by Russia.
| b. | The United States must aggressively use moral pressures and propaganda to oppose
Russian expansion. | c. | The United States should negotiate with Russia
about areas of political influence. | d. | The United States should wage a defensive
campaign to contain Russia’s efforts at expansion. |
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26.
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“I feel pretty good when I’m attacked by both sides. It makes me more certain
I’m on the right track.”
–Dwight D.
Eisenhower | |
 This quote reflects Eisenhower’s approach to domestic policy, which was a. | liberal | c. | moderate | b. | conservative | d. | revolutionary |
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27.
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“We are having our little troubles now. Just a blow-up after a little let-down . .
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–President Harry Truman | |
 This quotation is Truman’s response to which
event? a. | the postwar economic adjustment | c. | a national coal shortage and
strike | b. | the Taft-Hartley Act | d. | high consumer prices |
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28.
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 Responding to national economic problems, this
slogan helped the _____ Party win control of both houses of Congress in 1946. a. | Democratic | c. | Workers’ | b. | Republican | d. | Independent |
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29.
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“More than 2,250,000 American veterans of WWII received at least part of their
college education as a result of legislation known as the _____.”
–Michael D. Haydock, historian | |
 Which word correctly fills in the
blank for this passage? a. | National Security Act | c. | GI Bill | b. | Fair Deal | d. | Taft-Hartley
Act |
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30.
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“If I allowed him to defy the civil authorities in this manner, I myself would be
violating my oath to uphold and defend the Constitution.”
–President Harry Truman,
April 11, 1951 | |
 In this quotation, Truman refers to his unpopular
decision to fire _____. a. | General Dwight D. Eisenhower | c. | General Douglas
MacArthur | b. | his vice president | d. | his attorney general |
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31.
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“We shall not, however, finally achieve the ideals for
which this nation was founded so long as any American suffers discrimination as a result of his race,
or religion, or color, or the land of origin of his forefathers.”
–President Harry Truman, message to Congress | |
 This statement against discrimination was made in
a. | 1938. | c. | 1954. | b. | 1948. | d. | 1963. |
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32.
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| “Korea is the Greece of the Far East. If we are tough enough now, if we stand up to
them like we did in Greece three years ago, they won’t take any next steps.” | |
 In this passage,
President Harry Truman argues for a “police action” to carry out the United States’
_____ policy. a. | restriction | c. | containment | b. | foreign aid | d. | reparations |
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33.
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| “Are you now or have you ever been a member of the Communist
Party?” | |
 Witnesses from the film industry were asked this famous question at public hearings held
by _____ in 1947. a. | the Senate Anti-Communist Protection Committee | b. | the Senate Loyalty
Investigation Committee | c. | the House Entertainment Industry Inquiry
Committee | d. | the House Un-American Activities Committee |
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34.
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“ . . . Anyone who knows even the ABC's of the
Communist war against free civilization knows that weakness and supineness will not free a single
American uniformed man. If any Senator can in the future justify a vote to draft the sons of American
mothers, then he must repudiate the shrinking show of weakness, and must tell those mothers that each
young man who wears the American uniform carries the entire power of this nation with him when he
goes to a foreign land.
“Unfortunately, the President sees fit to
congratulate those who hold up the exposure of the Communists in one breath, and in the next breath
urges patience, tolerance and niceties to those who are torturing American uniformed men. . .
.”
–Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the Committee on Government
Operations, Hearings, December 7, 1954 | |
 This condemnation
of President Eisenhower for weakness against Communism is a quotation from _____. a. | President Harry Truman | c. | John Foster Dulles | b. | Senator Joseph McCarthy | d. | General Douglas
MacArthur |
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35.
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“...have left home spiritually
as well as physically”
–The Organization
Man | |
 What group was writer William H.
Whyte, Jr. describing in this quote? a. | suburban families | c. | soldiers | b. | young executives | d. | prisoners |
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36.
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  Based on the time line, which of
the following time spans marks the duration of the Korean War? a. | 1949–1950 | c. | 1950–1953 | b. | 1949–1953 | d. | 1950–1954 |
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37.
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 After World War II, which of the following nations
was neither communist nor a member of NATO? a. | Poland | c. | The Netherlands | b. | Norway | d. | Ireland |
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38.
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 Based on the map, in what country was Berlin after
World War II? a. | Germany | c. | East Germany | b. | Austria | d. | West Germany |
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39.
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 Based on the map, which sector of Berlin did not
have an airport? a. | Soviet sector | c. | American sector | b. | French sector | d. | British sector |
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40.
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 Based on the map of postwar Berlin, which two
nations’ sectors of that city shared no border? a. | French & Soviet | c. | Soviet & American | b. | British &
American | d. | American &
French |
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41.
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 What political party did Strom Thurman represent in
the 1948 presidential election? a. | Progressive Party | c. | Democratic Party | b. | States’ Rights Party | d. | Republican
Party |
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42.
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 Based on the map, which of the following states
delivered the most electoral votes for Harry Truman in the 1948 presidential election? a. | Illinois | c. | New York | b. | California | d. | Texas |
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43.
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 Study the map. The Yalu River forms part of the
border between which of the following two countries? a. | South Korea & North Korea | c. | North Korea & Soviet
Union | b. | North Korea & China | d. | China & Soviet Union |
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44.
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 Based on the information on the map, who controlled
the city of Seoul in January 1951? a. | South Korea | c. | North Korea & China | b. | United Nations
forces | d. | Soviet
Union |
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45.
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 Based on the map of the Korean War, which of the
following statements is correct? a. | The city of Pusan was under North Korean and South Korean control at different points
in the war. | b. | The city of Pusan was under North Korean control for only a brief period in
1951. | c. | North Korean lost control of the city of Pusan very early on in the war and never
regained it. | d. | The city of Pusan was never under North Korean control at any point in the
war. |
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46.
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  Based on the map, which of the
following was not a Warsaw Pact nation? a. | East Germany | c. | Soviet Union | b. | Albania | d. | none of the
above |
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47.
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 According to the chart, how much has the prices of a
loaf of bread increased? a. | $1.00 | c. | $0.63 | b. | $1.40 | d. | $1.15 |
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48.
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 Which food item has had the smallest price
increase? a. | milk | c. | oranges | b. | eggs | d. | chicken |
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49.
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Some Presidential
Vetoes |
President
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Years
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Vetoes
| Vetoes
Overridden |
President
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Years
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Vetoes
| Vetoes
Overridden | | Washington | 1789-97 | 2 | 0 | Roosevelt, T. | 1901-09 | 42 | 1 | | Madison | 1809-17 | 5 | 0 | Hoover | 1929-33 | 21 | 3 | | Jackson | 1829-37 | 5 | 0 | Roosevelt, F.D. | 1933-45 | 372 | 9 | | Lincoln | 1861-65 | 2 | 0 | Truman | 1945-53 | 180 | 12 | | Johnson, A. | 1865-69 | 21 | 15 | Eisenhower | 1953-61 | 73 | 2 | | Grant | 1869-77 | 45 | 4 | Kennedy | 1961-63 | 12 | 0 | | Arthur | 1881-85 | 4 | 1 | Nixon | 1969-74 | 26 | 7 | Cleveland
(first term) | 1885-89 | 304 | 1 | Reagan | 1981-89 | 39 | 10 | | McKinley | 1897-01 | 6 | 0 | Bush, G.H.W. | 1999-93 | 29 | 1 | | | | | | | | |
 Based on the information in the chart, which
twentieth century president had more vetoes overridden than any other? a. | Johnson | c. | F. D. Roosevelt | b. | Truman | d. | Reagan |
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50.
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  Based on the time line, how many
years after the United States detonated atomic bombs over Japan did the Soviet Union first test an
atomic bomb?
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Completion
Complete each
statement.
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51.
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After World War II, Germany's four zones were controlled by Britain,
____________________, the Soviet Union, and the United States.
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52.
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The United States applied the Truman Doctrine to ____________________ and
Turkey.
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53.
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More than 3 million ____________________ moved to cities in the North and
Midwest between 1940 and 1960.
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54.
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When the war ended, Americans were ready to spend money after
____________________ it during the war years.
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55.
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The National Security Act set up the Department of Defense, the National
Security Council, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the ____________________.
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56.
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The ______________________________ split off from the Democratic Party in 1948
and nominated Strom Thurmond for president.
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57.
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Congress blocked most of President Truman's civil rights legislation, but
he did manage to ____________________ the United States military.
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58.
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One of the effects of the “baby boom” was that ____________________
left the workforce.
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59.
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At the port of ____________________, General MacArthur made a brilliant
counterattack on North Korea.
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60.
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Truce talks began in Korea in 1951 and by the time they ended,
____________________ was president.
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61.
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The HUAC investigation of Hollywood led to the jailing of a group of writers and
directors known as the ____________________.
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62.
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The Senate finally stood up to Senator McCarthy and voted to
____________________ him.
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Matching
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Match each item with the correct statement below. a. | Berlin airlift | d. | Marshall Plan | b. | Douglas MacArthur | e. | Joseph McCarthy | c. | “iron
curtain” |
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63.
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cut off Eastern Europe from West
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64.
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gave economic aid to Europe
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65.
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result of Berlin blockade
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66.
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UN commander in Korea
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67.
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Reds investigator
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Match each item with the correct statement below. a. | GI Bill of Rights | d. | Mao Zedong | b. | Joseph
Welch | e. | Warsaw
Pact | c. | Truman Doctrine |
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68.
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opposed Joseph McCarthy
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69.
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policy of containment
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70.
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opposed NATO
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71.
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Communist leader
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72.
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Servicemen's Readjustment Act
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Match each item with the correct statement below. a. | The Affluent Society | d. | The Organization
Man | b. | generation gap | e. | baby boom | c. | Beats |
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73.
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John Kenneth Galbraith
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74.
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put strain on education system
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75.
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differing attitudes of old and young
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76.
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William H. Whyte, Jr.
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77.
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rebelled against middle class
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Short Answer
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78.
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 | Between which two years did the population increase most dramatically? | | |
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79.
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 | What was the approximate population in 1958? | | |
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80.
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 | Why do you think the population continued to grow during Israel's first 10
years? | | |
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81.
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 | Did the population of Israel decrease at all during its first 10 years? | | |
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82.
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 | What was the approximate population in 1950? | | |
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83.
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 | Describe the population growth during these 10 years. | | |
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“There. You hear? There is another plane. And there’s another. Our faith
doesn’t come from our hearts or our brain anymore. It comes though the
ears.”
–West Berlin taxi driver, 1948 | |
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84.
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 | This passage shows how what event affected this citizen of Berlin? | | |
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“Until this moment, Senator, I think I never really
gauged your cruelty or your recklessness, . . . Have you left no sense of
decency?”
–Joseph Welch, attorney for the U.S.
Army, during televised
Army-McCarthy Hearings, 1954 | |
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85.
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 | Why might Welch’s public confrontation of Senator McCarthy on nationwide television
have had such a powerful effect? | | |
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86.
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 | Use the map of Europe after World War II to answer the
following question. What neutral nation shared a border with a communist nation? | | |
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87.
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 | In the late 1950s, both the Soviet Union and the United
States devoted huge amounts of resources to their developing space-exploration programs. Would this
fact be a “cause” or an “effect” in the chart above? | | |
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88.
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What made Eisenhower’s presidency so special?
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89.
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What affects did the “baby boom” have on the educational system in
America?
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90.
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What happened after the Geneva summit?
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91.
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What occurred between the United States and the Soviet Union in the
1950s?
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92.
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Name three new products that the consumer society of the 1950s wanted to
own.
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Essay
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93.
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Who attended the Yalta meeting, and what agreements were reached concerning
Japan and Germany?
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94.
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What was McCarthyism?
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95.
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Which Americans benefited from the Fair Deal? How?
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96.
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Why did President Truman order an invasion of North Korea, and what was the
outcome?
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97.
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What were three benefits of building the 40,000 miles of interstate
highway?
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98.
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How did the United States policy of containment contribute to the Red
Scare?
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