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12 Study Guide Challenge

True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
 

 1. 

Hitler was able to gain the support of the German people because of their anger over the Versailles treaty.
 

 2. 

Japanese military leaders felt that the solution to Japan's economic problems was to invade the Soviet Union.
 

 3. 

Hitler believed that Austria and Germany should be unified.
 

 4. 

Great Britain was all that kept Hitler from having complete domination of western Asia.
 

 5. 

The Japanese seized much of China during the 1930s.
 

 6. 

The attack on Pearl Harbor resulted in Congress declaring war on Japan.
 

 7. 

The War Production Board supervised conversion of industries from war production to civilian production.
 

 8. 

During World War II, many women took jobs once held by men.
 

 9. 

Though under siege for almost 900 days, the people of Leningrad held out against the German forces.
 

 10. 

During the Battle of the Bulge, Allied forces sent forces deep into Germany, creating a bulge in German lines.
 

 11. 

The Nazis referred to the death camps built for Jews as the "final solution."
 

 12. 

American troops were forced to retreat to the rugged Bataan Peninsula west of Manila in the Philippines.
 

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 13. 

The Italian form of government built on extreme nationalism was
a.
Communism.
c.
capitalism.
b.
fascism.
d.
totalitarianism.
 

 14. 

Who was named German chancellor in 1933?
a.
Adolf Hitler
c.
Ira Hayes
b.
Hideki Tojo
d.
Joseph Stalin
 

 15. 

Who became the Communist leader of the Soviet Union in the late 1920s?
a.
Hideki Tojo
c.
Joseph Stalin
b.
Ira Hayes
d.
Adolf Hitler
 

 16. 

What pact freed Adolf Hitler to invade Poland?
a.
Japanese Aggression Pact
b.
Nazi-Italian Pact
c.
France-Britain Pact
d.
Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact
 

 17. 

Which country was the first to use the Lend-Lease Act?
a.
Germany
c.
Great Britain
b.
France
d.
United States
 

 18. 

The attack on what area caused Congress to declare war in 1941?
a.
Britain
c.
Bataan
b.
Pearl Harbor
d.
Normandy
 

 19. 

The German general in command of Axis forces in North Africa was
a.
Erwin Rommel.
c.
Ernie Pyle.
b.
Dwight D. Eisenhower.
d.
George Patton.
 

 20. 

Only 54,000 of the 76,000 Allied prisoners survived the Bataan
a.
Battle.
c.
Prison.
b.
Sinking.
d.
Death March.
 

 21. 

Douglas MacArthur was the commander of the Allied forces in
a.
the Atlantic.
c.
the Pacific.
b.
Italy.
d.
France.
 

 22. 

The first atomic bomb was dropped by the Americans on
a.
Germany.
c.
China.
b.
Japan.
d.
France.
 

 23. 

Who was known as Il Duce?
a.
Haile Selassie.
c.
Adolf Hitler.
b.
Benito Mussolini.
d.
Joseph Stalin.
 

 24. 

What form of government did Adolf Hitler establish in Germany?
a.
communist
c.
capitalist
b.
socialist
d.
totalitarian
 

 25. 

At what conference did Hitler gain the Sudetenland?
a.
Malta
c.
Potsdam
b.
Munich
d.
Versailles
 

 26. 

What was the string of French and British bunkers along the German border?
a.
Eastern Front Line
c.
Maginot Line
b.
Northern Line
d.
Line at Dunkirk
 

 27. 

Which country was not part of the Allied Powers?
a.
France
c.
United States
b.
Germany
d.
Great Britain
 

 28. 

What country was not part of the Axis Powers?
a.
Germany
c.
Japan
b.
Italy
d.
United States
 

 29. 

Who was the commander of the Allied forces for the invasion of occupied Europe?
a.
Douglas MacArthur
c.
Dwight D. Eisenhower
b.
George Patton
d.
Erwin Rommel
 

 30. 

The Nazis persecuted which group of people during the Holocaust?
a.
Americans
c.
Catholics
b.
Fascists
d.
Jews
 

 31. 

General Douglas MacArthur adopted a strategy known as
a.
island hopping.
c.
the Manhattan Project.
b.
kamikaze.
d.
V-J Day.
 

 32. 

War crime trials for the Nazis were held in
a.
Beijing.
c.
Paris.
b.
Nuremberg.
d.
London.
 

 33. 

“Like a Roman emperor [he] rode into this medieval town. . . . The streets, hardly wider than an alley, are a sea of brown and black uniforms. . . . [W]hen [he] finally appeared on the balcony for a moment . . .[people] looked up at him as if he were a Messiah, their faces transformed into something positively inhuman.”
                                                               –William Shirer, September 1934

mc033-1.jpg American journalist Shirer attended this rally in Nuremberg for _____ and was struck by the strange intensity of the German crowd’s response.
a.
Hermann Goering
c.
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
b.
Adolf Hitler
d.
Kaiser Wilhelm II
 

 34. 

“He who wants to live must fight, and he who does not want to fight in this world, where eternal struggle is the law of life, has no right to exist.”
                                     –Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf  (“My Struggle”)

mc034-1.jpg In this excerpt from his book, Hitler emphasizes his opinion that only by _____ does a person possess the right to exist.
a.
communicating
c.
cooperation
b.
compromising
d.
fighting
 

 35. 

“God and history will remember your judgment. It is us today. It will be you tomorrow.”
–Haile Selassie

mc035-1.jpg In 1935 Ethiopian emperor Haile Selassie prophetically appealed to the League of Nations for assistance against an invasion of his country by
a.
Germany.
c.
Spain.
b.
Italy.
d.
Egypt.
 

 36. 

“We are not neutral. As freedom-loving citizens of the United States, we recognize that our liberty, that democracy everywhere will be ended unless the menace [threat] of Hitler is smashed.
“We, therefore, petition the Congress of the United States TO REPEAL OUR SUICIDAL, HYPOCRITICAL AND DANGEROUS NEUTRALITY ACT, to remove the prohibition against arming our merchant ships, and dissolve the ban which prevents vessels flying the American flag from sailing the seven seas. . . .”
–petition sent from the Fight for Freedom National Offices, 1940

mc036-1.jpg This excerpt expressed a _____ opinion of the United States population in 1940.
a.
minority
c.
common
b.
majority
d.
neutral
 

 37. 

“Your boys are not going to be sent into any foreign wars.”

mc037-1.jpg Because American public opinion _____ was so strong, Franklin D. Roosevelt made this promise during his 1940 presidential campaign.
a.
to aid Great Britain
c.
to stay out of the World War II
b.
to get involved in World War II
d.
to criticize Germany
 
 
“Our national policy is this:
“. . . by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we are committed to all-inclusive national defense.
“. . . we are committed to full support of all those resolute people everywhere who are resisting aggression and are thereby keeping war away from our hemisphere. By this support we express our determination that the democratic cause shall prevail, . . .
“. . . we are committed to the proposition that principles of morality and considerations for our own security will never permit us to acquiesce in a peace dictated by aggressors and sponsored by appeasers. We know that enduring peace cannot be bought at the cost of other people's freedom. . . .”
–President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, State of the Union speech, January 6, 1941
 

 38. 

mc038-1.jpg Which statement from this excerpt implies that the United States might lend military and financial aid to war-torn Europe?
a.
We are committed to all-inclusive national defense.
b.
We know that peace cannot be bought at the cost of other people’s freedom.
c.
We are committed to full support of all people who are resisting aggression.
d.
We will never acquiesce in a peace dictated by aggressors.
 

 39. 

mc039-1.jpg What does the statement tell you about Roosevelt’s view of peacekeeping?
a.
We should agree to a peace subscribed by aggressors.
b.
We should make every country democratic.
c.
We should not be involved in another country’s problems.
d.
We should not settle for a peace dictated by aggressors.
 

 40. 

“We shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be. We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields, and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender.”
–June 4, 1940

mc040-1.jpg Who made this declaration about which island?
a.
Benito Mussolini, about Sicily
b.
President Roosevelt, about Hawaii
c.
Emperor Hirohito, about Japan
d.
Winston Churchill, about Great Britain
 

 41. 

“On Sunday afternoon I was resting, trying to relax from the grind of the past weeks . . . . I was rather abstractedly looking at a Sunday paper when the telephone rang and Louise Hackmeister said sharply:
“‘The President wants you right away. There's a car on the way to pick you up. The Japs just bombed Pearl Harbor!’
“With no more words and without time for me to make a single remark, she cut off the connection. . . . In twenty minutes I was drawing into the White House driveway, already swarming with extra police and an added detail of Secret Service men, with news and radio reporters beginning to stream into the Executive Office wing. . . .”

mc041-1.jpg The events described in this passage took place in
a.
September 1939.
c.
August 1914.
b.
December 1941.
d.
August 1945.
 

 42. 

“DON’T throw away a single drop of used cooking fat, bacon fat, meat drippings,
fry fats—every kind you use. After you’ve got all the cooking good from them, pour
them through a kitchen strainer into a clean, wide-mouthed can. Keep it in a cool dark place. . . .”
–U.S. government bulletin posted in American meat markets

mc042-1.jpg Which government office is most likely to have issued this bulletin?
a.
Office of War Information
c.
Office of Price Administration
b.
National War Labor Board
d.
War Production Board
 

 43. 

“. . . We got used to rushing back to our stall after dinner for the 6:00 P.M. head count (we were still in bed for the morning count), and to the sudden unexpected campwide searches for contraband by the FBI when we were confined to our stalls for several hours. . . .”

mc043-1.jpg This passage most likely describes part of the daily routine in
a.
an American government internment camp for Japanese Americans.
b.
an American camp for German prisoners of war.
c.
a German concentration camp towards the end of the war.
d.
a maximum-security American prison in peacetime.
 

 44. 

“. . .Then, on the way home, some Focke-Wulfs [German fighter aircraft] showed up, armed with rockets, and I saw three B-17s in the different groups around us suddenly blow up and drop through the sky. Just simply blow up and drop through the sky. Nowadays, if you come across something awful happening, you always think, ‘My God, it's just like a movie,’ and that's what I thought. I had a feeling that the planes weren't really falling and burning, the men inside them weren't really dying, and everything would turn out happily in the end. Then, very quietly through the interphone, our tail gunner said, ‘I'm sorry, sir, I've been hit. . . .’”
–Joseph Theodore Hallock, bombardier on a B-17
“Flying Fortress”

mc044-1.jpg This passage conveys the feeling of _____ experienced by an American airman as he flew on a World War II bombing mission over Germany.
a.
excitement
c.
unreality
b.
anticipation
d.
terror
 

 45. 

“All southern England was one vast military camp, crowded with soldiers awaiting the final word to go.”
–General Dwight D. Eisenhower

mc045-1.jpg Eisenhower’s quotation describes the massive preparation for which 1944 event?
a.
the Battle of the Bulge
c.
the battle at El Alamein
b.
the Normandy invasion
d.
the Anzio landing
 
 
“Our men were pinned down for a while, but finally they stood up and went through, and so we took that beach and accomplished our landing. In the light of a couple of days of retrospection, we sat and talked and called it a miracle that our men ever got on at all or were able to stay on. . . .
“I walked for a mile and a half along the water's edge of our many-miled invasion beach. I walked slowly, for the detail on that beach was infinite.
“The wreckage was vast and startling. The awful waste and destruction of war, even aside from the loss of human life, has always been one of its outstanding features to those who are in it. Anything and everything is expendable. And we did expend on our beachhead . . . during those first few hours.”
–Ernie Pyle, June 7, 1944
 

 46. 

mc046-1.jpg In this excerpt, a famous American war correspondent describes his thoughts about what he went through and the wreckage from the landing on the _____ beaches.
a.
Dunkirk
c.
Anzio
b.
Normandy
d.
Guadalcanal
 

 47. 

mc047-1.jpg What does Pyle mean by “anything and everything is expendable”?
a.
Anything could get destroyed during war.
b.
Soldiers will sell anything they find to buy food.
c.
Supplies are used up quickly on a beach.
d.
The Allied soldiers had a difficult time getting control of the beach.
 
 
“Across the sandy clearing is the incinerator, but it ran out of [fuel]. A rough record by the chief burner of bodies records 17,000 burned last month.”
–R.W. Thompson, a British reporter
 

 48. 

mc048-1.jpg This excerpt is from a description of ___________ that Allied forces encountered after V-E Day.
a.
Kristall nacht
c.
a death camp
b.
the Nuremberg laws
d.
the Manhattan Project
 

 49. 

mc049-1.jpg The bodies referred to in the excerpt are most likely
a.
German soldiers
c.
U.S. soldiers
b.
Jewish people
d.
German criminals
 

 50. 

“I visited Treblinka to find out how they carried out their extermination. The camp commandant at Treblinka told me that he had liquidated 80,000 in the course of half a year. He was principally concerned with liquidating all the Jews from the Warsaw ghetto.
“He used monoxide gas and I did not think that his methods were very efficient. So when I set up the extermination building at Auschwitz, I used Zyklon B, which was a crystallized prussic acid which we dropped into the death chamber from a small opening. It took from three to fifteen minutes to kill the people in the death chamber, depending upon climatic conditions.”
–Rudolf Hoess, testifying at the Nuremberg war crimes trials

mc050-1.jpg In this excerpt from his testimony, the man in charge of the Auschwitz speaks about _____ in a clinical manner.
a.
more humane prisoner treatment
b.
difficulties in getting enough food
c.
a more efficient method of killing
d.
the bureaucratic complexities of his job
 

 51. 

“ . . .The first bomb hit near the officers' quarters, the next struck the patients' mess just a few yards away. The concussion bounced us three feet off the cement floor and threw us down again. Beds were tumbling down. Flashes of heat and smoke burned our eyes. But through it all we could hear Father Cummings' voice reciting the Lord's Prayer. He never faltered, never even fell to the ground, and the patients never moved. Father Cummings' clear voice went through to the end. Then he turned quietly and said: ‘All right, you take over. Put a tourniquet on my arm, will you?’ And we saw for the first time that he'd been badly hit by shrapnel. . . .”
–Bataan, Hospital 1, a nurse’s account, 1942

mc051-1.jpg This account of the Japanese bombing of the hospital on Bataan shows one person’s great _____ under fire.
a.
fear
c.
anger
b.
bravery
d.
panic
 

 52. 

“Anybody that could walk, they forced ‘em into line. . . . If you fell out to the side, you were either shot by the guards or you were bayoneted [stabbed] and left there.”
–account of a survivor

mc052-1.jpg This passage describes the _____ , when about 76,000 prisoners, many sick and near starvation, were forced to march more than 60 miles to a prison camp.
a.
Guadacanal invasion
c.
Bataan Death March
b.
Battle of Stalingrad
d.
Dunkirk evacuation
 
 
nar004-1.jpg
 

 53. 

mc053-1.jpg Based on the timeline, in what location did Hitler write his book, Mein Kampf?
a.
Munich
c.
parliament
b.
prison
d.
Austria
 

 54. 

mc054-1.jpg Based on the time line, what was the first event that contributed to the rise in Nazism?
a.
Great Depression begins
c.
Nazis try to seize power in Munich
b.
Hitler becomes leader
d.
Germany defeated in World War I
 

 55. 

mc055-1.jpg In what year was Hitler named chancellor?
a.
1933
c.
1921
b.
1930
d.
1923
 

 56. 


U.S. Losses at Pearl Harbor
Human Casualties
Killed
Wounded
Navy
1,998
710
Marine Corps
109
69
Army
233
364
Civilian
48
35

mc056-1.jpg According to the chart, what group suffered the second highest casualty rate at Pearl Harbor?
a.
U.S. Navy
c.
U.S. Army
b.
U.S. Marine Corps
d.
U.S. civilian population
 
 
nar005-1.jpg
 

 57. 

mc057-1.jpg Based on the map, which of these European capital cities was never under Axis control during World War II?
a.
Paris
c.
Moscow
b.
Warsaw
d.
Berlin
 

 58. 

mc058-1.jpg Study the map. In 1944 Allied forces advanced into Germany from all but which one of the following countries?
a.
Poland
c.
Italy
b.
Hungary
d.
Denmark
 

 59. 

mc059-1.jpg Which of the following countries did not declare neutrality during World War II?
a.
Switzerland
c.
Sweden
b.
Italy
d.
Turkey
 

 60. 

mc060-1.jpg
mc060-2.jpg Based on the map, the armies of which of the following Allied nations were not involved in the D-Day invasion?
a.
Russia
c.
neither A nor B
b.
France
d.
both A and B
 
 
nar006-1.jpg
 

 61. 

mc061-1.jpg Based on the map, what was the easternmost point of conflict in the Pacific theater of war?
a.
Pearl Harbor
c.
Hiroshima
b.
Midway
d.
Burma
 

 62. 

mc062-1.jpg Study the map. Where is Manila?
a.
French Indochina
c.
Netherlands Indies
b.
Japan
d.
Philippine Islands
 

 63. 

mc063-1.jpg
mc063-2.jpg Based on the information on the map, which of the following United States ships was not sunk in the attack on Pearl Harbor?
a.
Oglala
c.
Nevada
b.
Arizona
d.
Utah
 

 64. 

mc064-1.jpg
mc064-2.jpg Base your answer on the map. What land was conquered by the Nazis first?
a.
Poland
c.
Rhineland
b.
Austria
d.
Sudetenland
 

 65. 

mc065-1.jpg
mc065-2.jpg Based on the map, in what year did Italy invade Poland?
a.
1937
c.
1939
b.
1938
d.
none of the above
 

 66. 

mc066-1.jpg
mc066-2.jpg Based on the diagram of the USS Cassin Young, what took up the most space of the middle section of an American destroyer?
a.
Steering Gear & Galley
c.
Crew Mess & Enlisted Quarters
b.
Engine Room & Boiler Room
d.
Pilot House & Officers’ Quarters
 

Matching
 
 
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a.
rationed
d.
Atlantic Charter
b.
Manhattan Project
e.
WACs
c.
blitzkrieg
 

 67. 

lightning war
 

 68. 

British and American pledge
 

 69. 

clerks and nurses during the war
 

 70. 

limited amounts
 

 71. 

developed atomic bomb
 
 
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a.
Tuskegee Airmen
d.
Normandy
b.
Japanese Americans
e.
dictators
c.
Battle of Leyte Gulf
 

 72. 

leaders who control by force
 

 73. 

African American pilot group
 

 74. 

sent to internment camps
 

 75. 

site of D-Day
 

 76. 

destroyed most of the Japanese fleet
 
 
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a.
mobilization
d.
civil defense
b.
Allied Powers
e.
Axis Powers
c.
totalitarian state
f.
appeasement
 

 77. 

leaders control all area of society
 

 78. 

accepting demands to avoid conflict
 

 79. 

Great Britain, France, United States
 

 80. 

Italy, Japan, Germany
 

 81. 

preparing for war
 

 82. 

protective measures taken in case of attack
 

Short Answer
 
 
nar007-1.jpg
 

 83. 

sa083-1.jpgWhich countries had more civilian deaths than military deaths?
 

 84. 

sa084-1.jpgWho experienced more military deaths, the Allied Powers or the Axis Powers?
 

 85. 

sa085-1.jpgWhy do you think the United States experienced no civilian deaths?
 

 86. 

sa086-1.jpgWhich country had the most military deaths?
 

 87. 

sa087-1.jpgWho experienced more civilian deaths, the Allied Powers or the Axis Powers?
 

 88. 

sa088-1.jpgWhy do you think the Soviet Union experienced such a great number of both civilian and military deaths?
 

 89. 

“. . . Everything flashed whiter than any white she had ever seen. . . . the reflex of a mother set her in motion toward her children. She had taken a single step (the house was 1,350 yards, or three-quarters of a mile, from the center of the explosion) when something picked her up and she seemed to fly into the next room over the raised sleeping platform, pursued by parts of her house.
    “Timbers fell around her as she landed, and a shower of tiles pommelled her; everything became dark, for she was buried. The debris did not cover her deeply. She rose up and freed herself. She heard a child cry, "Mother, help me!," and saw her youngest—Myeko, the five-year-old—buried up to her breast and unable to move. As Mrs. Nakamura started frantically to claw her way toward the baby, she could see or hear nothing of her other children. . . .”
–John Hersey, 1946

sa089-1.jpgThis excerpt, from an imagined account based on the actual events of August 6, 1945, describes the immediate effects upon one family after which weapon was first used?
 

 90. 

sa090-1.jpg
sa090-2.jpgBased on the map, what nation controlled Manchuria in 1936?
 

Essay
 

 91. 

How did the Great Depression lead to World War II?
 

 92. 

How did the Nazis treat the Jews, including the Nazi "final solution"?
 

 93. 

How did the roles of American women change during World War II?
 

 94. 

What new agencies in the United States were created to speed up mobilization?
 

 95. 

Why did President Roosevelt refer to the day Pearl Harbor was attacked as a "date which will live in infamy"?
 

 96. 

What was the military strategy of "island hopping" used in the battle for the Pacific?
 



 
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